Skincare or skincare is a long range of measurements that helps to support durability, integrity, and enhancement, and can prevent skin diseases like pimples, sunburns, etc. These may include taking nutrition, applying moisturizers, skin ointments, and less sunlight consumption. Skin treatment also plays an important role in enhancing the skin and preventing diseases. Skin practices that enhance integrity include the use of cosmetics, laser resurfacing, fillers, peels, retinol therapy, ultrasonic skin treatment, etc. Skincare is a daily routine activity to keep your skin fresh and healthy. It is important in every situation. Whether the skin is too moist or too dry, to avoid redness, itching, swelling, etc. Skincare is also a part of treating wounds, radiation therapy, etc.
- BACKGROUND:
Skincare is performed at the interface of cosmetics and all those medicines related to the skin (Dermatology). The US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined cosmetic products that are made for cleansing and beautifying such as shampoo and lipstick, etc. There is another category of cosmetics that exists for medications, made for diagnosing, curing, treating, and preventing diseases, or to affect the body’s functioning or its structure (i.e. Sunscreen and acne creams). Moisturizing sunscreens and anti-dandruff shampoos are regulated in both these categories. Skincare is different from dermatology as it does not include any physician products and professionals such as estheticians and care nursing staff. Skincare includes individual behavior and its changes according to the environmental situations.
DISORDERS AND TREATMENTS
There are a lot of cosmetic products that can be used in daily life to maintain skin’s integrity and durability to keep fresh.
SUNBURN:
The most important factor of skin care is to avoid sunlight. Although the sun is beneficial to human skin to get the daily dose of Vitamin D. its excessive consumption may harm skin cells which causes sunburn and damage to the skin tone. To prevent these harmful effects of direct sunlight a cosmetic product called Sunscreen is used. It is the most effective against sunlight.
TREATMENT:
Sunscreen protects the skin from the ultraviolet rays coming from the sun, which are extremely harmful to skin tone. Sunscreen should be applied 20 minutes before exposure to the Sun and should be re-applied after every 4 hours. Sunscreen should be applied to all of those areas of the skin which are exposed to direct sunlight. It is prescribed to apply almost 25ml (about 0.85 oz) of sunscreen to all limbs, face, chest, and back to ensure all coverage. There are different sunscreens used on different types of skin; non-comedogenic sunscreen should be applied on oily skin, etc.
OILY SKIN:
The most common disorder of the skin is getting oily after a few hours. A lot of people remain in stress due to it. Proper skin care can cure it. Every disorder of the skin just needs regular treatment of it.
TREATMENT:
Face washes are those products that are effective for any type of skin. It is also very easy to use. First, wet your face completely with water. Apply a little bit of face wash on your face and massage for 2-5 minutes. Then, wash it carefully. Do this twice a day, once in the morning and second before going to bed. Face wash reveals its effect in just one week. For oily skin, a face wash containing Vitamin C should be applied.
ACNE:
Acne is a disorder of the skin, which causes pimples on the face. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, every year about 40 to 50 million Americans develop Acne. While many associate acne with adulthood, acne can occur at any age, with its causes to genetics, hormones, food emotional stress, etc.
TREATMENT:
Those people having swollen acne should peel it with carefulness, if not, then it may cause worse conditions, and must consult a dermatologist before any treatment. Some acne creams contain drying agents like Benzoyl Peroxide which is very effective for acne. It leads to dryness and lets the acne get off on its own.
ELDERLY:
Skin aging is related to the weakness of the body. As a person gets older, their skin also changes. With increasing age, fine lines, injuries, spots, marks dry skin, and more can slowly become apparent. Although, wrinkles appear as we get older. We spend a lot of time in the sun and are not aware of the long-term effects of direct sunlight. As time passes, sunspots, wrinkles, dry spots or even cancer can occur due to excessive sun exposure.
TREATMENT:
Upon conducting a literature review of studies that evaluated skin integrity in the elderly, it was discovered that most of them had low levels of evidence. However, the review concluded that cleansing with laboratory-made products brings about less skin dryness than using soap and water. Moisturizers with hygroscopic substances helped with dry skin and skin occlusives reduced skin injuries.
PRESSURE SORE/ULCER:
Bedsores are injuries that often cover the bony areas of the skin and underlying tissues due to continued pressure on the spot. A well-known example of a pressure sore is known as a pressure ulcer.
TREATMENT:
Generally, these bedsores are cured with salt water to remove dead cells. Sometimes, surgery is needed to remove these dead cells beneath a layer of skin. It can be cured by some special dressings and bandages.
